Polystichum aculeatum

Family: Dryopteridaceae
Genus: Polystichum

Chromosome number: 2n = 164

Data and photo source credit:
Yousif, Ibrahim Z., Aras, Arya (2026). Polystichum aculeatum. Flora of Kurdistan. https://floraofkurdistan.com

Taxonomy lookups:
Plants of the World Online (POWO): https://powo.science.kew.org/results?q=Polystichum%20aculeatum
Catalogue of Life: https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/search?q=Polystichum%20aculeatum